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55680d68c611ee73b86db28de16edb58
PDF Text
Text
,
,
.
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS
COUNTY DEPARTMENT, CHANCERY DIVISION
VILLAGE OF SKOKIE-, a
municipal corporation,
Plaintiff,
-vs-
No.
)
NATIONAL SOCIALIST PARTYOF AMERICA;
FRANCIS JOSEPH COLLIN, a/k/a FRANK
COLLIN; FRANK G. DUDA; THOMAS R. GOODWIN;
ROBERT L. JOHNSON; ROBERT P. JOYCE;
VICTOR M. MADRAZO, a/k/a VICTOR
ESPANA, a/k/a VICTOR P•. MC LAUGHLIN;
THOMAS MC GOVERN; WILLIAM SMALLEY;
JOSEPH A. WEBER and GARY HANSEN,
Officers and Members of the
National Socialist Party of America.
}
}
}
l
}
}
}
Defendant~.
COMPLAINT FOR ISSUANCE OF AN EMERGENCY INJUNCTION
The plaintiff, VILLAGE OF SL<OKIE, a municipal corporation, by
HARVEY SCHWARTZ, its Corporation Counsel, states.:as follows:
J. Tbe plaintiff is an Illinois municipal corporation containing
a population of approximately 70,000 persons.
2.
Included among the population of Skokie are approximately
40,500 persons of Jewish religion or Jewish ancestry or of both Jewish religion
and Jewish ancestry.
3.
Included among the Jewish population in Skokie are hundreds
of persons who are (a) survivors of Nazi concentration camps and· tb) many
thousands of persons whose families and close relatives were murdered by the
Nazis.
4. A large percentage of the Jewish population is organized into
groups and organizations. These groups and organizations include the
Janusz Korczak Lodge of B'nai B'rith, and others, composed of survivors of
the Nazi death camps;
5. The defendant, National Socialist Party of America, is an
organization dedicated to the incitation of racial and religious hatred directed
principally against individuals of Jewish- faith or ancestry and non-Caucasions.
The members of the National Socialist Party of America have patterned their
conduct, their unifonn, their- slogan and
I ,:
-1-
~heir
.
tactics along the pattern of
�the Gennan Nazi Party. including the adoption of the hated swastika·. The
unifonn of.tbe National Socialist Party of America consists of the stonn
trooper unifonn of the Gennan Nazi Party embellished with the Nazi swastika.
6.
Fran~is
Joseph Collin, a/k/a Frahk Collin. is a member of the
National Socialist Party of America. The defendants Frank G. Duda, Thomas R.
Goodwin. Robert L•. Johnson, . Robert P. Joyce. Victor M.Madrozo, Thomas McGovern,
William Smalley. Joseph A. Weber and Gary Hansen, are officers and members
thereof.
7. On March 20, 1977, the Chief of Police of the Village of Skokie
received a communication from the.aforesaid Frank Collin announcing his .
intention to come to the Vi.llage of Skokie and march on . the sidewalks thereof
on May 1, 1977 together with 200 other members of bis organization.
8. Since that date, a campaign· of telephone calls in the early
morning hours has been embarked upon by individuals .identifying themselves
as members of the National Socialist Party of America. Such calls have been
made in the hours between 3:00 and 5:00 a.m. to persons whose names indicate
the probability that they .are persons of Jewish faith or ancestry. Such
telephone calls infonn the recipient that the Nazis in.tend to march in the
Village of Skokie on May 1. 1977.
9. As a result of such phone calls and some publicity given by the
news media, it is corm10n knowledge in the Village ·of Skokie., particularly among
.the Jewish population, ·that the National Socialist Party of America intends to
march .in the Village of Skokie on May 1, 1977. The threatened march of the
defendants on May 1st has aroused the passions of thousands of .individuals
of Jewish faith or ancestry within the Village and more particularly has
.aroused the passions of the survivors of the Nazi concentration camps who are
taking measures unknown to the plaintiff to thwart the threatened march.
10. The march of the defendnats on May 1, 1977 is a deliberate
and willful attempt to exacerbate the sensitivities of the Jewish population
in Skokie and to incite racial.and religious hatred. Such march, if not restrained
by Order of this Court, constitutes a grave and serious threat to the peace of
-2-
�the citizens of the Village of Skokie.
11. By reason of
ttie ethnic and religious composition of the
Village of .Skolde and the circumst·ances alleged above, the public display
of the swastika in connection with the proposed activities of the defendant,
National Socialist Party of America, constitutes a symbolic assault against
large numbers of the residents of the Plaintiff village and an incitation
to violence and retaliation.
12. The plaintiff has no remedy eXcept in a Court of equity.
WHEREFORE, plaintiff prays for the issuance of an emergency
injunction against the defendant .restraining and enjoining them from engaging
in any of the following activities within the Village of Skokie on May 1,
1977:
A. Marching, walking or parading in the uniform of the National
Socialist Party of America.
·a.
Marching, walking, parading
o~ ~tberwise
displaying the
swastika on or off their person.
C.
Distributing pamphlets or displaying any materials which
incite or promote hatred against persons of Jewish faith or ancestry or
hatred against persons of any faith or ancestry, race or religion.
D. That John N. Matzer, Jr., Village Manager of the Village of
.
Skokie and its chief law enforcement officer, by and through the members of
· the Skokie Police Department, be authorized and empowered to take whatever
steps may be required by him to insure compliance with the terms of this
injunctive ordef.
E. And for such other relief as the Court may decree.
VILLAGE OF SKOKIE, a
municipal corporation,
By:
Its Corporation Counsel
HARVEY SCHWARTZ
5127 Oakton Street
Skokie, Illinois
60076
OR 3-0500
-3-
�STATE OF ILLINOIS )
COUNTY OF C 0 0 K
l SS
HARVEY SCHWARTZ, being first duly sworn on oath, deposes and says
that he has read the foregoing Complaint for .Issuance of an Emergency Injunction
and that the allegations contained therein are true and correct.
SUBSCRIBED and SWORN to
before me this
day
of
1977.
Notary Public
-4-
J
7
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Village of Skokie v. National Socialist Party of America, et al., Docket No 77-2702, Circuit Court of Cook County, llinois, Chancery Division
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Complaint for an Issuance of an Emergency Injunction to prevent the Frank Collin and members of the National Socialist Party of America from marching in Skokie on May 1, 1977. The document cites the Jewish population in Skokie and the large number of Holocaust survivors as well as a campaign of early morning phone calls from National Socialist Party of America members to Skokie residents.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
4/28/1977
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
District Courts -- Illinois
Holocaust survivors
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
No Copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2004.012.117.pdf
Skokie Historical Society - Smith Collection - 2004.012.117.001-.004
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Schwartz, Harvey
Original item from the collection of the Skokie Historical Society
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
4 p.
court documents
from the Mayor Al Smith Collection
key documents
-
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6165419eaadd68064d45a86a0107dd36
PDF Text
Text
Mayor Albert J. Smith - Statement January 27, 1978
I understand from the media that the I l l i n o i s Supreme
. z ^^
KS3'
Court has decided in favorjDf the Nazi right to demonstrate in
Skokie^
I am, of course, disappointed at the result.
Our attorneys b e l i e v e that no Nazi demonstration can take
place under the I l l i n o i s Supreme Court action today.
We are
w a i t i n g for the Federal Court to rule on the Skokie ordinances
which p r o h i b i t some of the Nazi a c t i v i t i e s . Under these
ordinances a Nazi demonstration is s t i l l i l l e g a l .
We prefer to hold further comment until the Federal
Court rules.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Statement from Mayor Albert Smith on January 27, 1978
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Smith, Albert J., 1915-1993
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Mayor Albert J. Smith's statement regarding the Illinois Supreme Court's ruling allowing the National Socialist (Nazi) party to demonstrate in Skokie. The statement is as follows, "I understand from the media that the Illinois Supreme Court has decided in favor of the Nazi right to demonstrate in Skokie wearing a swastika (handwritten). I am, of course, disappointed at the result. Our attorneys believe that no Nazi demonstration can take place under the Illinois Supreme Court action today. We are waiting for the Federal Court to rule on the Skokie ordinances which prohibit some of the Nazi activities. Under these ordinances a Nazi demonstration is still illegal. We prefer to hold further comment until the Federal Court rules".
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1/27/1978
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Press coverage
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Ordinances, Municipal -- Illinois -- Skokie
Smith, Albert J., 1915-1993 -- Messages
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2004.012.029.pdf
Skokie Historical Society - Smith Collection - 2004.012.029
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Original item from the Smith Collection of the Skokie Historical Society
from the Mayor Al Smith Collection
key documents
speeches
-
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PDF Text
Text
Senators’ resolution
opposes Nazi rally
IN A special resolution passed this week by the Illinois State Senate, the proposed Nazi rally, Sunday,
May 1 in Skokie was condemned as an abuse of the
cherished constitutional right to freedom of speech and
an attempt to drum up racial and religious hatred.
The resolution, introduced by State Senators John
Nimrod (R-4th) and Howard Carroll (D-15th), “encourages” the local Skokie government to deny the Nazis a rally permit “in view of the violence, riot, and
harm to human life and to property” which would result from such a rally.
The resolve, which was sent to village officials,
states that “hundreds of thousands of Americans
fought and died in the war against Nazi Germany and
the racial hatred which it symbolized.”
Both the proposed Nazi rally in Skokie and the rise
of the Nazi party in pre-World War II Germany demonstrate that the right to freedom of speech can be
tragically abused, the statement continued.
The statement concludes that if the purpose of a
speech or rally is the incitement of riot and violence,
and there is a near certainty that such riot and violence will occur as a result result, then “restraint is in
order.”
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Senators' resolution opposes Nazi rally
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
The Illinois Senate passes a resolution condemning a proposed National Socialist Party of America (Nazi) rally in Skokie.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
4/28/1977
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
Illinois -- General Assembly -- Senate
Illinois -- Law and legislation
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Carroll, Howard W.
Nimrod, John
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Skokie Life, Thursday, April 28, 1977, Lerner Community Newspapers, Lincolnwood, IL
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
©Lerner Publications
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
csl770428a.pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings
-
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c4500f36d687aa78731a7722eb6a884d
PDF Text
Text
FROM:
THE JEWISH UNITED FUND OF METROPOLITAN CHICAGO
One South Franklin Street - 60606 - 346-6700
Harold B. Rosen, Director of Public Relations
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
CONTACT:
Zan Skolnick
EXTENSION:
Raymond Epstein, Chairman of the P u b l i c Affairs Committee (PAC)
of the Jewish United Fund today (Feb. 23) responded with disappointment to
a U.S. District Court r u l i n g that would allow a Nazi march in Skokie, a suburb
with a large population of Jews, many of them survivors of the Holocaust.
Epstein, who heads the coalition of Chicago's 3^ major Jewish groups,
said that he hoped the V i l l a g e of Skokie -- and others seeking legal remedies
to halt the proposed march by the National Socialist Party of America -- would
"pursue every legal means to block this perversion of the rights of free speech."
Skokie resident and Holocaust survivor Sol Goldstein, who has
initiated a private suit against the Nazis, affirmed Epstein's point of view,
saying:
"The Village of Skokie should do everything in its power to protect
the safety and welfare of its residents."
Epstein said: "It would be a monstrous travesty for the courts
of this land to rule that an obscene spectacle should be held under the guise
of our First Amendment freedoms, which we, of the Jewish community, hold
especially dear.
"The Jewish community of Chicago hopes that the V i l l a g e of Skokie
w i l l continue its efforts to overturn the decision of the U.S. District Court
that would enable the Nazis to deliberately provoke the citizens of Skokie
and the many others who would be grievously offended by the march.
"However, should all legal means f a i l , the Jewish community w i l l
cooperate fully with the V i l l a g e of Skokie and peoples of other faiths in
framing a non-violent response more in keeping with what our founding fathers
had in mind when they drafted the B i l l of Rights," said Epstein.
-over-
�JEWISH UNITED FUND OF METROPOLITAN CHICAGO
-2-
Goldstein said he welcomed the expression of solidarity made
yesterday by Governor James R. Thompson.
"His interest and concern is one
of many important indications that this march has become an issue for all
Americans.
We shall certainly call upon the Governor's good offices in
framing our response to the march in the event of that unfortunate necessity."
Goldstein, who heads a PAC Committee on I n d i v i d u a l Liberty and
Jewish Security, had received a letter from Governor Thompson earlier In the
week, expressing the Governor's feelings that "... survivors of the Holocaust ...
and m i l l i o n s of Jews the world over ... should not be subjected to such a
disgusting display as that march."
Referring to mounting offers of support from non-Jewish groups,
Goldstein said: "There are many people in this country who remember that
in addition to the 6 m i l l i o n Jews slaughtered during the Holocaust, 5 m i l l i o n
Christian c i v i l i a n s were exterminated and 190,000 American soldiers lost
their lives fighting the Nazi war machine."
Today's U.S. District Court ruling declared "unconstitutional" three
Skokie ordinances that would (1) ban the wearing of military-style uniforms
repugnant to the residents of Skokie, (2) require parade sponsors to post a
$350,000
bond if more than 50 spectators or participants are expected, and
(3) ban dissemination of material that could incite hatred of a race or religion.
Goldstein's suit seeks a permanent injunction against the Nazi
march on the grounds that it would cause "severe emotional and physical stress"
among the estimated 7,000 Jewish Holocaust survivors l i v i n g in Skokie.
The
suit was rejected by the I l l i n o i s Supreme Court without a hearing, but a second
motion for a hearing w i l l be filed tomorrow (Feb. 24), Goldstein said.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Press Release from the Jewish United Fund, February 23, 1978
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Jewish United Fund
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Press release from the Jewish United Fund, dated February 23, 1978, announcing that Raymond Epstein, Chairman of the Public Affairs Committee of the Jewish United Fund "responded with disappointment to a U.S. District Court ruling that would allow a Nazi [National Socialist Party of America] march in Skokie." The press release is from Harold B. Rosen, Director of Public Relations and the Contact person listed is Zan Skolnick.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2/23/1978
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
Holocaust survivors
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Epstein, Raymond
Goldstein, Sol
Rosen, Harold B.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
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rnb_780223c.pdf
Language
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eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Original item from the collection of Rabbi Neil Brief
from Rabbi Neil Brief Collection
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25609/archive/files/13515099095c5bc1ece6d8e894d1b9bf.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ptTVqwbzGfCaH6eGKkOKDThPsTuuml3M4%7EpgYQAynawQxoLvUH-poGbUXnHjLDwsEhNAfkl-hF5xPEWV7B5Pk-UD3FEN87-LAaB19qF%7E-nLVf%7E4UWdAF%7EH1x6Yu%7EikzoFMV5ZkJUydIYL6Cq9KAWttJBLiu%7EJbKfB1OGNjZqa4ldwr3IjxeIN3hxII-NjrriS94G4O-TcgbCfczo%7EHi10pur1NPHuHnHB0MuR3UiMX%7EWLIMKOnR6SnKddRANjK-Vhg4sEc5wGiBsxNr-8xeB6I-RcBBHen6JqLx9yxt5j3ZbDR8%7ES-whSv77CXiagiZrmIGgpX9ZLX0oCtMEuNJKaA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b7c5456369f7a7663c87697cb869910a
PDF Text
Text
No injunction
for Nazis on
Skokie laws
SKOKIE-A preliminary injunction against the
three Skokie ordinances which now prevent a Nazi
march in the village was denied by Judge Bernard
Decker in federal district court Friday, Oct. 21.
In ruling in favor of the village, Decker said that
the lawsuit brought against the ordinances by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) on behalf of the
National Socialist (Nazi) Party of America should be
tried expeditiously, but agreed with Skokie attorneys
that the injunction would have permitted a march and
eliminated the need for a trial.
Decker also scheduled a pre-trial conference
between Skokie and ACLU attorneys for Friday, Oct.
28.
The Skokie ordinances, approved by the village
board on May 2, require a $350,000 insurance bond
from any group wishing to assemble in the village,
prohibit demonstrations by people wearing military- mili
style uniforms, and also prohibit the distribution of
printed material designed to promote group hatred.
In another Nazi-related matter, the Illinois supreme court had not yet ruled early this week on the
ACLU appeal to overturn a lower court decision which
bans the Nazi uniform from the village of Skokie.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
No injunction for Nazis on Skokie laws
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Judge Bernard Decker denies a preliminary injunction against the three Skokie ordinances which currently prevent a National Socialist Party of America (Nazi) march in Skokie.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
10/27/1977
Subject
The topic of the resource
American Civil Liberties Union
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Ordinances, Municipal -- Illinois -- Skokie
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Skokie Life, Thursday, October 27, 1977, Lerner Community Newspapers, Lincolnwood, IL
Rights Holder
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©Lerner Publications
Rights
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In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
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csl771027a.pdf
Language
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eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25609/archive/files/dae98e9dffebf931ba531b1c78699755.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Mu-abPNmmzcUwBWfu762nwU3J2RKAcgZjYDn6SUwsIj641qW3pTSEgO23adg0PHfkU5Kr%7EleM5eUKpq92M5h-qQFQ1PV79I0EBV3l1Yr0CX9QUc2vy2Hh%7Ez1D%7EXOdqresetPlR0nsVk1k6jh4-KQnpiMIRjFHTA2q4WfOHldGJ%7Ef%7ERtwR4o6eaRU-NWcZyK3aN7OyBec%7E7k6ujGcAOfk11yjz7bX7x8lz1%7ErmetxYtVvjaBP2lDbIaD3A9HR7RBgH7lLxb54fgagMQxbt%7EOa2Q2Ts5QeFiu5eU2tk2ygTceQb3fVYD4b1gjBXTA2rETCiJ0-balcrTNc-f38nchAxw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
6bcaacb3823596454c0233a704887edc
PDF Text
Text
New issues in Skokie
In a letter to you, Louis Kutner notes that
he was involved in a suit against a neo-Nazi
demonstration in 1966 and that the "legalistics” of the current Skokie dispute are not
necessary because that suit solved the questions.
The suit to which Kutner refers (Jewish
War Veterans v. American Nazi Party) involved a neo-Nazi picket line that was to
surround a synagog on Jewish holy days.
The dispute in Skokie, of course, centers
around a public demonstration on a weekend
afternoon in front of the village hall. The
facts in the two cases are barely related at
all, and for that reason the courts have found
Kutner’s suit and its result to be of little
assistance in the Skokie case.
While it is true that one can and often
does control another, that is not the situation
in this instance. Kutner may be puzzled by
the "legalistics" of Skokie, but the courts
clearly are not. Frustrating though it may
be, new issues require new court scrutiny,
and that is precisely what is happening in
the Skokie litigation
David M. Hamlin
American Civil Liberties Union
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
New issues in Skokie
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Hamlin, David M.
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Letter to editor from David M. Hamlin of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
5/28/1978
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
American Civil Liberties Union
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Chicago Sun-Times, Sunday, May 28, 1978, Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights Holder
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©Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights
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In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
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ist780528a.pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
editorials and opinions
newspaper clippings
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25609/archive/files/3cdcf8d3961a51b3fd565ef381c49c43.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=YGec18ebFqlbbr9%7EjZWMNoovm3Y40UEDbahoFqH3zbpc9atF4TgNA0w2hO10wEw5KHp9kD8MFJCSAFAl8DK27pToNdo%7E0LPWqtWWcKSCdXVGqEq5iWc%7EZKQbk7d%7Eq%7EfrtldnusUMnr5Xol3vPVKZv3Bb32kTA5TjtWzHQ6pPQLbR7mS9JGgh%7E%7EdxcE1kI4jyauo6gpVr64pkKowilQi9CqoLST3ZkbBTDE4nhAAp-zrINhQhUCM2%7E5qmC2GwcrWfwTDeyTzGUVqcFZZSaWkmIE2qqo0-TmUlZBPHciTfprNBse-HB2Coc%7EjC0tLFVoARQKlK1d75SfXnRyiJHj20Fg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
63e7553a079b73d64d8680d8e69e4d58
PDF Text
Text
Holocaust survivor hits Nazis’ Skokie plea
By Dennis D. Fisher
Sol Goldstein, a survivor of
the Jewish holocaust of World
War II, testified Friday that
Nazi uniforms call up images
of “death in the most terrible
form . . . death from torture.”
Goldstein, 63, appeared at a
hearing before U.S. District
Court Judge Barnard M. Decker on a suit by Frank Collin,
leader of the National Socialist
Party of America, challenging
three Skokie ordinances that
prevented the group from
demonstratin in the north
suburb.
0 p p o s i n g the challenge,
Goldstein said swastikas and
brown-shirt uniforms represent the ordeal of repression
and death suffered by Jews in
World War II.
The three ordinances were
adopted May 2 in an effort to
bar political demonstrations in
military-type uniforms l i k e
those of Nazi storm troopers.
At the same time, the village
laws prohibit the distribution
of materials calculated to incite hatred based on race, religion or nationality.
The ordinances also require
groups of 50 or more persons
to post a $350,000 insurance
in 1942 and traveled to this
bond to cover potential dam- country six years later.
age to public property before
Nazi leader Collin, who is
any demonstration.
part-Jewish, sniggered into his
Goldstein, worker for a den- hands several times during
tal materials manufacturing
company, told Decker that his
Lithuanian city, Kaunas, was
overrun by Nazi troops in 1941.
All of Kaunas’ 45,000 Jewish
residents were required to live
in a guarded ghet he said,
and many were executed.
Goldstein said he escaped
with his wife from the ghetto
Goldstein’s testimony.
Collin earlier told the judge
that the Skokie insurance requirement was designed to
keep him and his group “from
expressing my right to free expression.”
“I believe it was aimed exelusively at me,” he said.
Collin, under questioning by
his lawyer, David Goldberger
of the American Civil Liberties
Union, said he would lead his
group, in a demonstration in
Skokie soon, “but only under
the law. . . as soon as we are
legally able.”
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Holocaust survivor hits Nazis' Skokie plea
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Fisher, Dennis D.
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Sol Goldstein testifies against lifting of Skokie ordinances at United States District Court hearing.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
12/3/1977
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
Holocaust survivors
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Ordinances, Municipal -- Illinois -- Skokie
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Chicago Sun-Times, Saturday, December 3, 1977, Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
©Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
cst771203a.pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25609/archive/files/1faad51dac202e792dac16540d62be76.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=tDtKNhHrLXovAJaQ1oATOjOpo1mzWBt3l1fU%7EXmvBCQxADHYnQzHZu8pkS7kYYaJcoQAyd-Q0gU8ple60CzkJMwlA3e7XEJpZmK%7EPv4DdzbuvHCgF7ohF9QUisyzCOgaMrjnicHgw4iX4tf%7EznYrmJ4YuG8NfxTFLLsMRsoz0TcfE8cUq-g4D%7Ek1WtV%7EJHEW74fkGsvVYxg5om%7EXgfGsuaZvTl-ltHqRBdJ8JO6UKoo6-kpWnNaN5GCHeJrk5YLd2lEEVZRaXmnWnVyW0s3QHMfC7-z3kh7K2SZLc1qAisj9IwOYMOZcknh0I4w4La%7EFPbuDbFuvb6pBqQOLL-zVDA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
57a73089030fb4311636d91c944a1c7a
PDF Text
Text
IN THE
CIRCUIT COURT OF COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS
COUNTY DEPARTMENT, CHANCERY DIVISION
SOL GOLDSTEIN, on his own behalf
and on behalf of a class
similarly situated,
.Plaintiff,
)
v.
)
FRANCIS JOSEPH COLLIN, a/k/a
FRANK COLLIN and all persons
acting in concert with him under
the name of the NATIONAL
SOCIALIST PARTY OF AMERICA,
Defendants.
No. 77CH 4367
COMPLAINT
This action is brought on behalf of Jewish residents
of Skokie, Illinois, who are survivors of the campaign of
racial extermination ("the holocaust") carried on by Adolf
Hitler and the National Socialist Party ("the Nazis") during
World War II. The action seeks a preliminary and permanent
injunction against persons calling themselves the National
Socialist Party of America ("the neo-Nazis"), restraining them
from intentionally inflicting severe emotional distress upon
plaintiff and the plaintiff class by attempting to reenact a
Nazi-style rally in Skokie. As his Complaint against defendants,
plaintiff states:
VENUE
1. Venue is properly in this Court since the actions
sought to be enjoined would take place in Cook County, Illinois,
and because one or more of the defendants is a resident of
Cook County, Illinois.
PARTIES
2. Plaintiff, Sol Goldstein, is a resident of
Skokie, Illinois. Goldstein is of Jewish ancestry and was
born in Minsk, Russia, in 1914. Thereafter, he lived in
Lithuania. From 1941 to 1943, he was forced to live in the
ghetto in Kovno, Lithuania. From 1943 to the Liberation, he
fought with the partisans based in the forest near Vilna.
The Nazis murdered his mother by throwing her into a well
with fifty other women and covering them with gravel. He
witnessed selections for forced labor and concentration camps.
His wife's parents and five brothers and sisters were murdered
by the Nazis.
3. Defendant Collin is a resident of Chicago. He
is the leader (or self-styled fuehrer) of the neo-Nazis.
4. Defendant neo-Nazis are an aggregation of
adolescent and middle-aged men who have come together in
Chicago, Illinois. They proclaim and subscribe to the doctrines
of racial and religious hatred vocalized by their idol, Adolf
Hitler, prior to and during World War II. The neo-Nazis have
made persons of Jewish ancestry a particular target of their
venom, overt actions and hate, and, like the Nazis, demand
their annihilation and support genocide.
5. The neo-Nazis have adopted the insignia and
symbols of the Nazi party of Alolf Hitler, notably the brown
shirt uniform and the swastika.
CLASS ACTION ALLEGATIONS
6. Plaintiff is representative of a class of
residents of the Village of Skokie, Illinois, who are of
Jewish ancestry, and who lived in territories occupied by
the armed forces of Nazi Germany prior to and during World
War II.
-2-
7. This class of persons is too numerous to permit
practical joinder before this Court.
8. The questions of law and fact raised herein
are common to all members of the class, the plaintiff's claims
are typical of those of the class, and individual actions by
members of the class would create a risk of inconsistent
judgments.
9. Plaintiff will fairly and adequately represent
the interest of the members of the class in this action.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
10. The Nazi Party had its origins in the aftermath
of the German defeat in World War I. Initially, the Nazis
were a very few right-wing extremists and malcontents, whose
activities consisted primarily of rallies, public demonstrations
and the dissemination of hate-filled, venomous and
illogical tracts. Virtually from its inception the group
launched vicious attacks against Jews.
11. Within a few years following the end of World
War I the leadership of the Nazi Party had been taken over by
Adolf Hitler, the party fuehrer. His leadership was marked by
an increase in the anti-semitic outbursts of the party and a
concurrent increase in the number of rallies and street demonstrations
held by the party.
In November, 1923, the Nazi
Party staged an unsuccessful coup against the legal government
of Germany.
The party was then banned and Hitler was convicted
of treason and sent to prison.
His prison writings, in the
form of a book entitled Mein Kampf, set out a plan for seizing
power in Germany,. conquering Europe, and subsequently annihilating
the Jews of Europe.
-3-
�12.
After his release from prison, Hitler and a
reborn Nazi Party began a steadily increasing effort to come
to power.
Nazis, in brown shirts with the swastika insignia
prominently displayed on armbands, became a common sight.
They vilified Jews and perpetrated acts of violence against
Jews and their property.
13.
state.
In 1933, Hitler became chancellor of the German
The tempo of anti-semitic violence increased.
of brown-shirted Nazis terrorized Jews.
Gangs
At mass rallies,
where Nazi symbols were omnipresent, Hitler launched scathing,
vituperative attacks on Jews.
The government, entirely
controlled by the Nazi apparatus, issued laws intended to
isolate and eventually ostracize Jews from German life.
A
ministry of propaganda purposefully maintained continual
agitation against Jews at a high level.
14.
By 1938, scenes of violence against Jews
became commonplace occurrences on the streets of German
cities.
Nazi gangs regularly beat up Jews, destroyed
synagogues, and looted Jewish-owned stores.
Eventually mass
deportation of Jews to concentration camps was begun.
Storm
troopers would appear at Jewish homes at any time of the day
or night and drag the inhabitants to camps.
Warnings of
deportation were only rarely given and the destination was
never specified.
Usually deportation meant irrunediate death
or extended and atrocious emotional and physical suffering,
brutalization and dehumanization, under deplorable conditions.
15.
The treatment inflicted on the Jews of Germany
was extended to other European Jewish communities as a result
of the conquests of the German army.
-4-
Under the banner of the
�Nazi insignia, military personnel and extermination specialists
carried out a policy of torture and murder of Jews wherever
they were found.
death.
Concentration camps became factories of
Nazi guards mericilessly killed camp inmates without
warning.
Starvation, disease and exhaustion frequently killed
those inmates spared death by shooting or gassing.
Eventually
some 6,000,000 Jews from all corners of Europe were massacred
under the supervision or encouragement of the Nazis and under
the aegis of the brown shirt and swastika which were the Nazis'
symbols.
16.
The terror and suffering imposed on the Jewish
communities of Europe by the Nazis stand as an unparalleled
exampled of man's cruelty and barbarism.
The period of annihila-
tion, brutality and demonic conduct is commonly known as the
holocaust.
THREATENED HARM
17.
Prior to May 1, 1977, the nee-Nazis announced
that they were planning a campaign of street demonstrations
and speeches in
heavily populated by Jews.
The purpose
of this campaign was to arouse hatred of Jews by persons
living in close proximity to large numbers of Jews.
A
leaf let announcing the anti-Jewish campaign is attached
hereto as Exhibit A.
18.
On May I, 1977, the Collin-led nee-Nazis
announced that they planned to hold the first rally in their
anti-Jewish campaign in Skokie, Illinois.
19.
The Village of Skokie, Illinois, is widely.
known to have a very high concentration of Jewish residents.
Approximately sixty per cent of its population is Jewish.
-5-
�20.
The Village of Skokie, Illinois, also contains
a large number of Jews who lived in territory controlled by
the Nazi forces of Adolf Hitler during World War II.
Such
persons refer to themselves as "survivors of the holocaust."
21.
Through legal action taken by the Village of
Skokie, the planned rally of May 1 was enjoined, but the neoNazis have announced their intention to hold a rally on July 4,
1977, and to march in the brown shirt uniform of the Nazi
party, wearing the swastika.
22.
For survivors of the holocaust, such as plaintiff,
the march and rally in Skokie, by persons who call themselves
Nazis, wear the brown shirt and swastika, and bear the insignia
of the Nazi party, is outrageous and abhorrent conduct, which
will necessarily recall the holocaust which the survivors
experienced, and will impose on them severe and extreme
emotional distress.
23.
The symptoms of severe emotional distress which
will be suffered by survivors of the holocaust as a result of
exposure to this reenactment of behavior they witnessed in
conjunction with their experiences during the holocaust are
detailed in the affidavit of Dr. Lawrence
z.
Freedman, attached
hereto as Exhibit _B.
24.
This severe and emotional distress will be
experienced by survivors of the holocaust as a direct and
proximate result of the presence of persons bearing the symbols
and insignia of the Nazi party marching in or through their
home conununity, an area widely known as being predominantly
Jewish.
-6-
�25.
Defendant Frank Collin, and those acting in
concert with him under the name of the National Socialist
Party of America, know that the population of Skokie is
predominantly Jewish, and that many survivors of the holocaust
reside in Skokie.
26.
Defendants know and intend that the result
of their threatened demonstration in Skokie will be the
creation of severe emotional distress in those survivors of
the holocaust who reside in Skokie.
27.
Plaintiff and the class he represents have
a right to be secure in their persons and to have their
individual human dignities maintained.
28.
The action threatened by defendants is imminent,
and will cause severe and inevitable irreparable harm to
plaintiff and the class he represents.
29.
Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law.
WHEREFORE, plaintiff, on his own behalf and on
behalf of all those similarly situated, prays this Court for
issuance of a preliminary and permanent injunctive relief
restraining Frank Collin, his agents, employees, successors,
and all those acting in concert with him, including those
acting in the name of the National Socialist Party of America,
from engaging in any demonstration, rally, parade, or march of
any kind or description,-:in or through the Village of Skokie,
Illinois, at which the uniform of the Nazi party (including
brown shirts or swastika.armbands) is worn-by-the participants,
or the insignia of the Nazi party are displayed, and from
engaging in any said demonstration, rally, parade or march in
or through the Village of Skokie on July
-7-
1977.
�:
South LaSalle
j
.!. 1625
Chicago,
372:3 9232
One
-
..
SOL GOLDSTEIN, individually,
and on behalf of a class
similarly situated
. ..
..
60603
BY
...
'
Plaza
222-9350
l. Illinois
60611
l.
3000
233 s. Wacker Drive
.Illinois
60 G60606
876-8000
.
Elliotiot Bien
203 s.
Street
chic:1go, Illinois
60604
346-3500
:
644-- 2 2400
:
i
11
-2-
n e of Their Attorneys
�\
Many White
who have followed our Movement over the years have been
distressed that we have confined our activities to
far south side
and southern suburbs. Recent
in the Lerner newspapers have expressed
the fears of the Jewish community, es
ially the J
Defense League, that
we may soon concentrate our efforts in their areas. Traditionally, we have
always had the best support in
Park and in
like Park Forest.
But a new factor has entered the picture. Namely, the Chicago Park District
the courts. They have both enforced what amounts to a complete ban of our
right to
speech in public. And, since we have been so banned, we have
decided to relocate in areas heavily populated by. the real enemy --- the Jews!
An old maxim goes: "Where one finds the most
there also shall one find
the most Jew-haters." With this
truth in mind, we are now planning a
number of street demonstrations and even speeches in Evanston, Skokie, Lincoln
wood, .
North Shore, Morton Grove, etc. This leaflet is but the first of
..
number now being prepared for eventual mass-distribution. A beautiful, fullcolor
18 inches by 30 inches, with non-removable adhesive on the
back, is a]ready in the works. The poster shows three rabbis involved in the
ritual murder of an innocent Gentile boy during the hate-fest of Purim. Our
propaganda will deal at large with expose' after
the Talmud, the
Protocols of Zion and revealing quotes, many never before presented anywhere,
from loose-lipped Hebes. In short,
successful opposition to the Black
Invasion of Southwest Chicago will
be turned on the culprits who started
it all:
the Jews! ALL
WE
OUR
SPEAK IN MAR-
are therefore compelled to seek new grcund for support. And we
shall find it: in the Aryan
of the Jewized suburbs, who have
had enough of political manipulation,
thievery and forced integration
HEIL HITLER!
The National . Socialist Party of J.merjca, at
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60629
)
Hall, 2519 West 71st
�.
.
r
\
.
.
.
f
..
�State of Illinois
SS
County of cook
IN THE
CIRCUIT_COURT OF COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS
COUNTY DEPARTMENT, CHANCERY DIVISION
Sol Goldstein,
on their
behalf of a
own behalf and on
.class similarly situated,
,
,
Plaintiffs,
v.
FRANCIS JOSEPH aka FRANK COLLIN,
'
, and all persons
acting in concert with them
under the name of the NATIONAL
SOCIALIST PARTY OF AMERICA
Defendants.
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
No.
AFFIDAVIT
..
Dr. Lawrence Zelic Freedman, being
sworn on
his oath, deposes and states as follows:
1.
I am Lawrence_ Zelic Freedman, M.D., Foundations
Fund Research Professor of Psychiatry,
and Co-Chairman of the Institute of Social
of Chicago,
Behavioral
Pathology.
2.
During the period in which Adolf Hitler was
the head of government in Germany, the Jews in that country
and those which its armies subsequently conquered lived
under a reign of terror.
The Jews lived in dread of outrage
,
.
�or death:
the total lack of security for the individual
and his inability to know when he would be the target of
terrorism, isolation and death.
3.
Clinical studies have demonstrated that
profound trauma inflicted upon individuals and groups from
causes which cannot be avoided and from which there is no
escape suffer from depression, withdrawal and intense
anxiety -- .in short, terror.
4.
Even when the circumstances which created these
pathological states are removed, the traumatized individual
remains sensitized and vulnerable to signs and symbols, as
well as to the substance of their recurrences.
5.
It is my opinion that exposure to such symbols
as swastikas, Nazi-like uniforms and the marching of men in
para-military style could inflict serious recurrences of the
psychic assault previously suffered by these people.
This
form of psychological assault has been called by some experts
It is a significant and possibly dangerous
attack on the sensibilities of a highly vulnerable population.
The
of harmful assault is greatly reinforced when
such a reenactment is forced upon persons within the very
conununity. in which they live.
6.
suffered
by
The severe emotional distress which will be
survivors of the holocaust as a result of exposure
to this reenactment of behavior they witnessed in conjunction
with their experiences during the holocaust includes
a.
an overwhelming sense of anxiety,
b.
feelings of terror, shame or guilt,
-2-
�c.
withdrawal manifested by an inner blunting of
emotions, as well as withdrawal from ordinary contact
with society, and alienation from family and friends,
c.
a paralyzing sense of helplessness and an
incapacity to deal with day-eo-day problems,
e.
an urge to respond pathologically to the re-
enactment experience,
f.
emotional turmoil and anguish in assessing a
response to the reenactment,
g.
experiencing of psychosomatic symptoms of
physical ailments and pain suffered during the holocaust.
LAWRENCE ZELIC FREEDMAN, M.D.
Subscribed and sworn to
before me this
2
day
of
Pub-I c
My
1/26/81
l
-3-
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Goldstein v. Collin, Docket No.77-4367, Circuit Court of Cook County, Chancery Division
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
United States. Circuit Court (Illinois : Northern District)
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Photocopy of the Class Action Suit by "Sol Goldstein, on his own behalf and on behalf of a class similarly situated, Plaintiff v. Francis Joseph Collin a/k/a Frank Collin and all persons acting in concern of the National Socialist Party of America, Defendants". The lawsuit was an attempt to prevent the proposed National Socialist (Nazi) Party's march. The document lists what the complaint was, the allegations, the historical background, the perceived threat of harm, the exhibit evidence, and an affidavit regarding the perceived harm.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1977-06-27
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
District Courts -- Illinois
Holocaust survivors
Collin, Frank
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
No Copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2004.012.026.pdf
Skokie Historical Society - Smith Collection - 2004.012.026.001-.013
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Goldstein, Sol
Collin, Frank
Freedman, Lawrence Zelic, 1919-
Original item from the Smith Collection, Skokie Historical Society
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
13 p.
court documents
from the Mayor Al Smith Collection
key documents
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25609/archive/files/dfe5179a3fcb9a506fbb7fd619bc7d38.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Q9oV7upkOW1VZzGKqh927a9YPtvb%7ECz1wlOuVven9SnINTlRctplvLU5JiMKKQbrKOHvTqEVdWuOAVEKhgmULCsNBSacVuIO3BZ-MvQ3QR5Oqdlb2%7EJCaffwQB6Ww9%7EU31qMyGvZehpfWNF5WEOkNtENJmKcDiNKKj-U3OQqLuyzFezKF41SromEWVo1NX3cf-TzFBrbKITJrQ2Y54Ma6i3tfBDTCX7EPedCwLl7PFGKzRuQyky67KqFNlZJKXQY6IUinLEPCXoNqdbif%7EeAfuZcmHG1mL-D-4eIrbY7WOQCNMisfcG7CHt9FCVkvISOUGeAck85ml9sqjCGgy1AXw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
db2234b29f73119702da2ec05f37d66f
PDF Text
Text
Delay refused
for Nazi march
By Phillip J. O’Connor
and Charles Nicodemus
The U.S. Supreme Court Monday refused
to postpone a planned June 25 Nazi march in
suburban Skokie and a Nazi leader said later
the ruling may help prevent the demonstration.
By a vote of 7 to 2, the justices rejected
Skokie officials’ request to delay the march
pending consideration of the village’s formal
appeal.
Skokie Mayor Albert J. Smith said at a
press conference Monday night that he was
“very disappointed” and that the village has
contacted the Illinois National Guard, state
police and other law enforcement agencies
as it prepares for the demonstration.
Richard Tedor, deputy leader of the National Socialist Party of America, said the
Nazis would be willing to cancel the demonstration if “all our rights are restored” in a
hearing before U.S. District Court Judge
George N. Leighton here June 20.
“WE WILL CANCEL the Skokie demonstration if we are immediately granted our
rights of speech and assembly in Chicago
parks, ” Tedor said. “However it must be all
or nothing. We’re not talking about being
given the right to hold one rally.
“We want to be able to hold rallies in any
Chicago park as often as we want.”
Tedor said he was acting as the Nazi
spokesman because the group’s leader here,
Frank Collin, was “out East recruiting members of other Nazi units to get them to join
us in Skokie on June 25.”
Tedor said the Nazis set three conditions
for canceling the march and “with the
Supreme Court ruling, two of the three
conditions have been met.”
He said the Skokie demonstration was
planned to call attention “to the fact that
Nazis are being denied their rights in Chicago. Frank Collin says we’re using Skokie as
a tool. If we get our rights back in Chicago,
we’ll forget about Skokie.”
SKOKIE WAS TARGETED because of its
heavy Jewish population, which includes
4,500 to 7,000 survivors of World War II
Nazi concentration camps.
Tedor said that with Monday’s ruling by
the high court and the Illinois General Assembly’s failure to pass laws restricting the
Nazi demonstration, the only condition not
met is the striking of restrictions that bar
Nazi demonstrations in Chicago parks.
“If we can march in Marquette Park [on
the Southwest Side], we won’t go to Skokie.
If it is not decided [in the Nazis’ favor] by
June 25, we’ll go into Skokie.”
Smith called the high court’s decision
“most regrettable” and said that “all legal
action to block the demonstration has been
taken.”
SMITH SAID THAT Skokie “will make
every effort to maintain order” during the
Nazi march and a counterdemonstration
planned for about the same time in Skokie
by a Jewish umbrella group.
Leaders of the umbrella group said they
expect up to 50,000 persons to take part and
have pledged that their demonstration,
scheduled to end near the Skokie Village
Hall while the Nazis are still marching, will
be peaceful.
However, Rabbi Meir Kahne, leader of the
militant Jewish Defense League, has threatened a violent confrontation with the Nazis
to block the demonstration.
Smith said village officials have been in
contact with Gov. Thompson’s office and
have received assurances that National
Guardsmen and state police “will be ready
and, if needed, they will be available.”
ASKED IF HE WAS concerned about
possible violence, Smith said, “We are al-
ways concerned. We do not want it, but we
must plan for that eventuality. Anyone who
comes here [to Skokie] for the purpose of
breaking the law will be arrested.”
Both the Nazi demonstration and the counterdemonstration are scheduled to begin 3 to
3:30 p.m. on Sunday, June 25, Smith said. He
said specifics on the counterdemonstration
had not been given village officials yet by
the Jewish umbrella group, but that “at least
part of” that demonstration is scheduled to
take place at the Village Hall.
Smith also said that he was encouraging
Jews and anyone else who wants to take
part in the counterdemonstration to go to
Skokie. “If they want to come, they should
be here,” he added. However such demonstrators must remain peaceful, he added.
David Hamlin, executive director of the
Illinois division of the American Civil LiberTurn to Page 36
Justices bar Nazi march delay
Continued from Page 5
ties Union, which has defended the Nazis in
court, said:
“The Supreme Court’s ruling clearly es-
tablishes that Collin and his group have a
right to march in Skokie. He [Collin] doesn’t
have a clear right to demonstrate in Chicago.
I understand that Collin would rather march
in Chicago than Skokie. I’m sure a lot of
people would prefer that Collin go someplace besides Skokie.”
The Skokie council Monday night voted
unanimously to urge quick passage of state
Senate Bills 1811 and 1676, which would
forbid demonstrations by hate groups.
The proposal was urged by Erna Gans,
president of the Korczak Lodge of B’nai
B’rith. A second proposal was made by the
Clergy Forum, asking that no marches be
permitted on Saturdays or Sundays, as they
might interfere with churchgoers’ travel.
The council told the Clergy Forum it should
take this issue to court,
THE CASE THAT WILL come up before
Judge Leighton on June 20 involves Chicago
Park District regulations on such demonstrations.
The Supreme Court’s denial of the village’s request to bar the march, which had
been submitted to Justice John Paul Stevens
last week, was announced without comment
by Chief Justice Warren E. Burger.
Justices Harry A. Blackmun and William
H. Rehnquist voted in the minority and said
the June 25 rally should be postponed pending consideration of the village’s appeal.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Delay refused for Nazi march
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
O'Connor, Phillip J.
Nicodemus, Charles
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
The U.S. Supreme Court will not postpone a planned June 25, 1978 National Socialist Party of America (Nazi) march in Skokie.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
6/13/1978
Subject
The topic of the resource
Assembly, Right of -- Illinois -- Skokie
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Chicago
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
Freedom of speech -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Tedor, Richard
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Chicago Sun-Times, Tuesday, June 13, 1978, Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
©Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights
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In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
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cst780613a.pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings
-
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dee55e66825fe4c8f892e8066af93a21
PDF Text
Text
For the Seventh Circuit
Chicago, Illinois 60604
June 2
f
1978' !
Before
Hon.
WILBUR F. PELL, Circuit Judge
Hon.
ROBERT A. SPRECHER, Circuit Judge*
Hon.
HARLINGTON WOOD, JR^. Circuit^ Judge
FRANK COLLIN, et al.,
Plaintiffs-Appellees ,
VS.
No. 78-1385
ALBERT SMITH, et al.,
Defendants-Appellants*
Appeal from the United
States District Court
for the Northern Dis'trict of Illinois,
Eastern Division.
No. 77-C-2982
Bernard M. Decker9 Judge,
ORDER
This matter is before the court on the motion of
defendants-appellants for a stay of mandate pending application
to the Supreme Court of the United States for a writ of
certiorari.
In their accompanying suggestions in support of the motionr
the appellants place primary emphasis upon various statements
attributed to the prevailing appellees subsequent to this
court's decision which in essence challenge the good faith of
the appellees in seeking the right to march in Skokie* It is
notedf however, on the other hand that reports in the local
media indicate that the Village of Skokie authorities have
* Judge Sprecher would grant the motion to stay and therefore
dissents from the issuance of the above order.
�Appeal No. 78-1385
Page 2
granted a counter-demonstration permit for June 25, the day on
which the appellees seek to march, to the Jewish Federation of
Metropolitan Chicago.
. »
However, whatever all of this may be in factf and
irrespective of what maneuvering the parties may be engaging in
with regard to a particular date for marching and
demonstrating, the basic issue in litigation which is before
this court remains that of the constitutionality of the three
Skokie ordinances. That issue has been decided against the
appellants. We are not persuaded that the appellants have
demonstrated a specific substantiated showing for a stay of
mandate pursuant to Circuit Rule 17, particularly in view of
the impact that delay has on the exercise of First Amendment
rights. We note that unless the mandate is stayed it will be
issued by this court on June 12, 1978. That issuance date will
allow sufficient time for the appellants to seek a stay in the
Supreme Court of the United States.
Accordingly, the motion for stay of mandate is denied and
the clerk of this court is directed to issue the mandate in
this cause on June 12, 1978.
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collin v. Smith, Docket No. 78-1385, United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit Order
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
An order for a stay of mandate is denied in the case of an appeal brought forth by Albert Smith, et al. to the Seventh Circuit Court. Judges Wilbur F. Pell, Robert Sprecher and Harlington Wood, Jr. decided that the village's ordinances were unconstitutional. The denial of the stay of mandate meant that the previous decision would proceed as previously decided. It is suggested in the document that the date the mandate would be issued would still allow enough time for the defendants to appeal to the United States Supreme Court.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
6/2/1978
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
District Courts -- Illinois
Ordinances, Municipal -- Illinois -- Skokie
Collin, Frank
Smith, Albert J., 1915-1993
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
No Copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
Identifier
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2004.002.075.pdf
Skokie Historical Society 2004.002.075.001, .002
Contributor
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Pell, Wilbur F.
Sprecher, Robert A.
Wood, Jr., Harlington
Original item from the collection of the Skokie Historical Society
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
2 p.
court documents
key documents
-
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c9c8560bbd487deadd7f9e549d52d71a
PDF Text
Text
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
EASTERN DIVISION
FRANK COLLIN, et al.,
Plaintiffs,
-vsALBERT SMITH, etc., et al.,
Defendants.
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
NO.
77 C 2982
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
Plaintiffs, the. National Socialist, or Nazi, Party of
America, and Frank Collin, a member of the party's Chicago branch,*
seek by this action to void three ordinances of the Village of
Skokie on First and Fourteenth Amendment grounds.
Defendants are
the Village, Albert Smith, its President, Harvey Schwartz, its
Corporation Counsel, and John N. Matzer, Jr., -its Village Manager.
Now before the court is plaintiffs! motion for a preliminary injunction against enforcement of the ordinances pending final
resolution of the case.
In order to resolve this motion, this case must be viewed in the context of the continuing controversy between the parties
Skokie is a predominantly Jewish community on Chicago's north side.
In April of this year, plaintiffs announced their intent to hold a
public assembly in front of the Skokie Village Hall.
Skokie then
obtained an injunction against the meeting from the Circuit Court
of Cbok County, which injunction was later extended to cover any
further assemblies by plaintiffs pending further order of the
court.
The basis for the injunction was the likelihood that a
�public display of Nazi regalia in Skokie would lead to an uncontrollably violent reaction from Village residents, many of whom
were or had relatives who were imprisoned in German concentration
camps during the Second World War.
Plaintiffs appealed the injunction order to the Illinois
Appellate Court, which denied a stay pending the appeal.
77-628 and -662.
Dkt. Nos.
On writ of certiorari, the United States Supreme
Court reversed and ordered the court to either stay the injunction
or expedite appellate review.
45 U.S.L'.W. 3820 (June 14, 1977).
On remand, the Appellate Court chose the latter course, and on
July 12 modified the injunction to prohibit only the display of
the swastika symbol by plaintiffs.
The Illinois Supreme Court
granted leave to appeal, but denied a stay.
Mr. Justice Stevens,
sitting as Circuit Justice, also denied a stay.
The case was
argued in the Supreme Court on September 20, 1977, and is awaiting decision.
While this litigation was taking place, Skokie enacted the
three ordinances in question on May 2.
Ordinance #77-5-N-994 re-
quires that a permit be obtained before holding any parade or public assembly within the Village.
Ordinance #7?-5-N-995 prohibits
the dissemination within the Village of any materials which promote
or incite hatred based on race, national origin, or religion.
Or-
dinance #77-5-N-996 prohibits any demonstrations by members of
political parties wearing military-style uniforms.
Although the ,
Nazi party is nowhere mentioned, the subject matter of these ordinances and the context in which they were enacted make it clear
- 2 -
�that they were directed against plaintiffs.
Plaintiffs allege
that they applied for a permit to hold a public assembly under
#994 on June 22, which was refused by defendant Matzer because
party members planned to wear uniforms in violation of #996.
Plaintiffs1 brief in support of a preliminary injunction is devoted entirely to an attempt to show that the ordinances
are so clearly unconstitutional that plaintiffs are overwhelmingly
likely to prevail on the merits 'in the final resolution of this
case.
For purposes of this motion, the court will assume arguendo
that plaintiffs are likely to succeed on the merits.
Neverthe-
less, the motion for a preliminary injunction will be denied.
Likelihood of success on the merits, is only one of the prerequisites
for the grant of preliminary injunctive relief.
The basic purpose
of a preliminary injunction is to prevent a party suffering a harm
during the pendency of a case which the final judgment in the case
will be unable to remedy.
Plaintiffs have failed to convince the
court that they are threatened with such irreparable harm.
In their reply brief, plaintiffs argue that the deprivation of their First Amendment right to assemble and express their
views on questions of public importance is in itself an irreparable harm, citing A Quaker Action Group v. Hieke1, 421 F.2d 1111,
1116 (D.C.Cir. 1969).
The Quaker Action Group court specifically
declined to lay down a flat rule that First Amendment claims always involve a threat of irreparable harm.
Instead it relied on
the well-established rule that the grant of preliminary relief is
within the sound discretion of the district court, and noted that
the case involved demonstrations of substantial size, linked to
- 3 -
�specific timely issues, and requiring considerable advance planning.
This is not a comparable case.
There is no indication that plain-
tiffs wish to express their opinion on a particular issue which
will become moot by the time this case is resolved.
The only
specific issue mentioned in the briefs which plaintiffs wish to
address is an existing Skokie park ordinance requiring demonstrators to obtain insurance to cover damages to the parks.
Plain-
tiffs will not be denied an opportunity to express their opinion
of this ordinance if they are denied preliminary injunctive relief.
Nor do plaintiffs have the same need for advance planning that influenced the court in Quaker Action Group.
They are not planning
.a major demonstration involving hundreds of participants from
across the nation, as was the Quaker Group.
They wish to hold
small assemblies, attended by local members of what app.ears to be a
/
small, well organized group that can be mobilized on short notice.
The pendency of the state court proceedings between the
parties is another factor influencing the court to deny preliminary
relief.
Although that case raises different issues, and the out-
come of this .case does not depend in any way upon the Illinois
Supreme Court's decision, the fact that there are additional legal
obstacles, over which this court has no control, to plaintiffs1 plans
to demonstrate in Skokie makes it less urgent for this court to
grant interim relief.
Finally, the fact that plaintiffs have rested both their
argument in the case in chief arid their motion for summary judgment
almost exclusively on the facial unconstitutionality of the challenged ordinances means 'that in order to grant a preliminary in-
- 4-
�junction the court would in effect have to resolve the merits of
the case.
This was the reason given by Mr. Justice Stevens for
denying a stay of the state court injunction, and it is equally
persuasive in this case.
If this court must determine the con-
stitutionality of the challenged ordinances, it would prefer to
wait until it has had an opportunity to examine the evidence and
briefs the parties will wish to submit.
It is undoubtedly true that any citizen is gravely injured whenever he is prevented from speaking out on issues of public importance, even on a temporary basis.
It was this injury that
led the Supreme Court to take the unusual step of immediately reviewing an intermediate state appellate court's denial of a stay.
But it must be noted that on remand the Court gave the Illinois
court the choice of granting either interim relief or an expedited
hearing on the merits.
Likewise, in this case the court conludes
that an expedited hearing on the merits will adequately protect
plaintiffs' constitutional rights, and after consultation with
counsel the court will take appropriate steps to insure that the
merits of this controversy are promptly submitted for consideration.
Accordingly, it is hereby ordered that plaintiffs' motion
for a preliminary injunction be denied.
ENTER:
BERNARD fc. •
United States District Judge
DATED:
October 21, 1977.
- 5 -
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collin v. Smith, Docket No. 77-2982, United States District Court for Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, Memorandum Opinion and Order
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
Legal opinion and order, "Memorandum Opinion and Order," in the case, "Frank Collin, et. al., Plaintiffs vs. Albert Smith, etc., et al., Defendants." United States District Judge, Bernard M. Decker, denies the plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction against enforcement of Skokie Village ordinances pending final resolution of the case.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
10/21/1977
Subject
The topic of the resource
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
District Courts -- Illinois
Ordinances, Municipal -- Illinois -- Skokie
Collin, Frank
Smith, Albert J., 1915-1994
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
No Copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2004.012.107.pdf
Skokie Historical Society - Smith Collection - 2004.012.107.001-.005
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Decker, Bernard
Original item from the Smith Collection of the Skokie Historical Society
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
5 p.
court documents
from the Mayor Al Smith Collection
key documents
-
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8ec84c9f518546464489d49b591661a7
PDF Text
Text
After new setback
Skokie mulling Nazi appeal
By DIANE DUBEY
SKOKIE OFFICIALS still haven’t decided whether
to appeal an Illinois supreme court ruling allowing a
group of Nazis to march in the village displaying swastikas.
In a decision Friday, Jan. 27, the state supreme
court overturned an injunction banning a proposed
Nazi march through Skokie. But Harvey Schwartz,
corporation counsel, said Skokie officials are awaiting
a federal court ruling on a related suit before appealing “one or both decisions.”
U.S. District Court Judge Bernard Decker is expected to announce soon the fate of three Skokie ordinances enacted last May to block a Nazi march. The
ordinances require a $350,000 insurance bond, and prohibit both the wearing of military-style uniforms by
members of political parties and the distribution of
material which incites group hatred,
DAVID HAMLIN, of the American Civil Liberties
Union (ACLU), told The LIFE on Tuesday, Jan. 3, that
he could not confirm rumors of an April 20 march in
Skokie and added that he would “be delighted if they
didn’t march.”
Speculating on the outcome of the suit against the
village ordinances, Hamlin noted that the federal court
“does not have a lot of room to maneuver” in the light
of recent state court decisions. He pointed out that a
Chicago law which required prospective demonstrators
to post a large insurance bond already has been found
unconsititutional and that the uniform ban was struck
down last July in the Illinois appellate court.
The issue regarding distrubution of materials
could be handled in one of two ways, according to
Hamlin-either it would be found unconstitutional,
based upon existing laws, or it may be ignored since
the Nazis have “never intended to distribute literature."
IN ARGUING the Nazis’ case through the state
and federal courts up to the U.S. Supreme court, the
ACLU has “not set any new precedent,” Hamlin said.
“We’re not arguing new law. . .there’s nothing unique,
unusual, different, or special about this. . .we've .we’ve
argued what the first amendment always meant, particularily regarding symbols and public demonstrations.”
However, Hamlin believes that the ACLU action
has been “worth the time money, effort and all the debate” because the courts have “ringingly affirmed
first amendment values.”
If the Nazis had not prevailed, “We would have
seen a radical departure from first amendment lawthe things Frank Collin (Nazi leader) stands for like
less freedom, totalitarian principles, and anti-democratic laws, would have been affirmed,” Hamlin said.
“What is important is that nothing happened. We have
not changed the course of American history.”
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
After new setback: Skokie mulling Nazi appeal
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dubey, Diane
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
The Illinois Supreme Court overturns an injunction that banned a proposed Nazi (National Socialist Party of America) march. Skokie officials are waiting for a federal court ruling before deciding whether to appeal the decision.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2/2/1978
Subject
The topic of the resource
American Civil Liberties Union
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Skokie Life, Thursday, February 2, 1978, Lerner Community Newspapers, Lincolnwood, IL
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
©Lerner Publications
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
csl780202b.pdf
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings
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f34e4db0816f890ea0371afe062b8bef
PDF Text
Text
ACLU, Nazis challenge
anti-march ordinances
By DIANE DUBEY
Correspondent
SKOKIE OFFICIALS hadn’t yet received formal
notice of a lawsuit filed against them by the American
Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), legal counsel for the
American Socialist (Nazi) Party of America by Monday, August 15, said Harvey Schwartz, corporation
counsel.
Schwartz told The LIFE that he did not expect the
village to take any action on the suit this week, although an official village response to the lawsuit will
be submitted after village attorneys examine the specific challenges.
The lawsuit, filed on Friday, Aug. 12 in federal district court and assigned to Judge Bernard Decker,
charges that three Skokie ordinances regulating public
gatherings are unconstitutional.
According to David Hamlin, ACLU executive director, the ordinances “were drafted so as to abridge the
first amendment rights of the Nazi Party and others
who wish to demonstrate in the village.”
The ordinances, passed May 2 after an aborted Nazi march the previous weekend, require a $350,000 insurance bond from groups wishing to assemble in the
village and prohibit both public demonstrations by
members of poiitical parties who wear military-style
uniforms and distribution of materials which incite
group hatred.
THE THREE Skokie ordinances currently provide
the only legal barrier to a Nazi march in the village.
Previous marches planned for May 1 and July 4 were
prohibited by an injunction issued April 29 in Cook
County Circuit court, but most portions of the injunction were overturned in a decision handed down July
12 by a three-judge panel of the Illinois appellate
court. In their decision, Judges Thomas McGloon, Mayer Goldberg, and John O’Connor banned not the Nazis, but their symbol, the swastika, from the streets of
Skokie.
ACLU attorneys have appealed the anti-swastika
ruling to the Illinois supreme court which has agreed
to hear the case this fall.
Judging from previous cases involving civil rights
or first amendment matters, “the general procedure is
to move the case as quickly as possible,” said Hamlin
who expects “fairly rapid action” on the ordinance
challenge.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
A related resource
<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Skokie History
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Skokie Public Library
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
ACLU, Nazis challenge anti-march ordinances
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dubey, Diane
Abstract
A summary of the resource.
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) files suit against Skokie.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
8/18/1977
Subject
The topic of the resource
American Civil Liberties Union
Assembly, Right of -- Illinois -- Skokie
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
Freedom of speech -- Illinois -- Skokie
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Ordinances, Municipal -- Illinois -- Skokie
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Skokie Life, Thursday, August 18, 1977, Lerner Community Newspapers, Lincolnwood, IL
Rights Holder
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©Lerner Publications
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Identifier
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csl770818a.pdf
Language
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eng
Temporal Coverage
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1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
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Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25609/archive/files/64bc07d37a26913d27fd904984e3eee5.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=NzfQEbIQC0ZDQBQWBxcCF1uecKLUq4aU-BMJBMZzt2iMtUFt4pBrU5lr1SXDOvJQbcy3oThRXICWPVzN3ZdMbkM7e62lNkadUO2G5C0C68WU9WWljtPLt362Uw6cDzwq6AqyYIZu6xIqtuVk8lO-acql3cqnPoUQcJyt2%7EHJ44ZteEH5ZGLkyxBY2ymgMMai8jJjZAv0RiU1rJejkpmsfkjmhfZPM9QfAHGzli2bp5BPcS51Y5JjUqt2LlP17hH4yqZLCg7IHSh40Cr0WDoHyK-ecjUHgrATQ4emHeykbw2VD3i5RAPMQShThqeEswbyiiPlQhNh0%7E5iDcanYv20pg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
dc814d1cf978cc8a52b8453e5fac25c5
PDF Text
Text
2d suit to block Nazis
from Skokie march fails
By Larry Weintraub
The Illinois Supreme Court again has refused to forbid the long-threatened neo-Nazi
march through predominantly Jewish Skokie.
In a ruling issued Friday, and received
Monday by lawyers in the case, the state tribunal ordered Cook County Circuit Court to
dismiss a suit by survivors of the World War
II Nazi holocaust, who sought to prevent the
march.
Another ruling by the Supreme Court Friday in a related suit filed by the village held
that the Nazi’s First Amendment right of
free assembly guarantees the National Socialist Party of America may march and display
swastikas. That judgment was reported over
the weekend.
The Supreme Court action revealed Monday
ordered dismissal of a class action suit by
Skokie manufacturer Sol Goldstein, a survivor of Nazi Germany’s persecution of Jews,
on behalf of all holocaust survivors in the village.
The suit maintained that psychological and
emotional scars caused by memories of the
World War II death camps would impel survivors to attend such a march and attempt to
stop it, possibly by violence.
The court had ruled in the village’s suit that
Skokie residents were not impelled to attend
a Nazi rally and, therefore, the First Amendment rights could not be abridged.
Jerome H. Torshen, attorney for the survivors, said he would formally ask the state
high court to reconsider the question.
“This ruling is totally unprecedented,” he
said. “The Supreme Court ordered dismissal
(of the suit) without giving the plaintiffs a
hearing, without reading the motions, without
considering the merits.
“The court has denied the litigants the right
to be heard.” He said he would file his motion
for reconsideration within the next two
weeks.
David Hamlin, executive director of the Illinois American Civil Liberties Union, which is
defending the Nazis, said the Supreme
Court’s ruling On the village’s suit “couldn’t
have been stronger” and he believes the ruling on the Goldstein action was saying that
Swastikas and liberty - an editorial; Page
29.
the court “considers the survivors’ suit to be
the same as the village’s suit.
“The court’s ruling is so strong that they’re
saying they won’t rehear the suit,” Hamlin
said, “and the ruling is so strong it’s possible
the U.S. Supreme Court will deny an appeal.”
Skokie officials said over the weekend they,
too, will ask the state Supreme Court to reconsider its judgment on their suit, and will
appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court if the Illinois ruling is not changed.
The Nazis, headed by Frank Collin, have
been trying to demonstrate in the village
(where Jews comprise approximately 40,000
of the 70,000 population) since April.
If the state high court decisions stand, only
one other legal barrier to a march would exist.
That involves three village ordinances hastily passed to thwart the march. The ordinances are being challenged in a suit before
U.S. District Court Judge Bernard M. Decker,
Decker has heard arguments in that action
and is expected to rule soon.
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Attempted Nazi March in Skokie, 1977 and 1978, Digital Collection
Description
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<p>During the late 1970s, a small group of neo-Nazis based in Chicago attempted to hold a rally in the Village of Skokie, Illinois, a community that was known to have a large Jewish population. Local officials resisted the group’s efforts through by passing a series of ordinances aimed at preventing demonstrations or parades by hate groups. The ordinances were ultimately overturned following a series of state and federal lawsuits because they infringed on the group’s First Amendment rights and the neo-Nazis were issued a permit to demonstrate in Skokie. However, instead of facing the growing number of organized counter-demonstrators, the group held rallies in Federal Plaza and in Marquette Park in Chicago. <br /><br />Visit <a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Skokie Public Library's online exhibit</a> to see the events as they unfolded. The library's digital collection, seen here, includes newspaper articles, editorials, recordings from the Skokie Village Board of Trustees meetings, a memoir written by a local clergywoman, and two documentary films.</p>
<p>For further information, you can find more resources in the library. If you have questions or comments send us an <a title="email Skokie Public Library" href="mailto:tellus@skokielibrary.info">email </a>or call us at 847-673-3733.</p>
Relation
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<h3><a title="Attempted Nazi March in Skokie" href="https://skokiehistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/attempted-nazi-march/timeline">Attempted Nazi March in Skokie online exhibit</a></h3>
Subject
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Skokie History
Creator
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Skokie Public Library
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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2d suit to block Nazis from Skokie march fails
Creator
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Weintraub, Larry
Abstract
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Illinois Supreme Court orders the Cook County Circuit Court to dismiss a suit by survivors of the World War II holocaust who sought to prevent a National Socialist Party of America (Nazi) march in Skokie.
Date
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1/31/1978
Subject
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Assembly, Right of -- Illinois -- Skokie
Courts of last resort -- United States
Demonstrations -- Illinois -- Skokie
Freedom of speech -- Illinois -- Skokie
Holocaust survivors
National Socialist Party of America
National Socialist Party of America -- Trials, litigation, etc.
Goldstein, Sol
Hamlin, David
Torshen, Jerome H.
Source
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Chicago Sun-Times, Tuesday, January 31, 1978, Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights Holder
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©Sun-Times Co., Chicago, IL
Rights
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In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Identifier
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cst780131a.pdf
Language
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eng
Temporal Coverage
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1970s (1970-1979)
Contributor
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Skokie Public Library, Reference Department
newspaper clippings